EMS enhancements will help institutional investors meet MiFID II best execution requirements

MiFID II requires operators of trading venues to collect information about venue users and transactions.

Paper advocates automated surveillance when adhering to FX Global Code.

AIs may flag "unambiguous" rule violations in the future.

Digitalization of capital markets processes is a challenge for investment banks.

Costs for trading French and German equities have fallen.

The calculations specify the MiFID II transparency regime for non-equities.

Brexit-related fragmentation could require banks to hold additional equity capital.

Fund managers eye new counterparties and peer-to-peer liquidity platforms.